『縄文人と「弥生人」古人骨の事件簿』④・・・新方遺跡の人骨 ― 2009/04/21 21:28
近畿地方、神戸市にある新方遺跡の弥生時代初期の人骨について、詳しく説明があるので、簡単にまとめたいと思います。
まず、前回、「縄文人と考えられる顔立ちの成人男性二体」と書きましたが、厳密には三体です。
第一号人骨から、第三号人骨と呼び、それぞれの特徴を簡単にまとめます。
【第一号人骨】
1.全身を伸ばした伸展位の姿勢
2.理由がわからない、うつ伏せの格好
3.成人男性
4.死亡年齢は、３０～４０歳くらい
5.身長は、１５５～１６０センチ
6.骨太で腕、脚の筋肉がたくましく発達していた模様
7.頭蓋骨は大きく頑丈、相当な大頭
8.下顎骨も大柄で頑丈、左右に幅広い
9.下顎角はがっしりとして、ひどくエラが張った角ばった顔
10.オトガイと呼ばれる顎の先の膨らみが顕著
11.上下左右の犬歯と、右下の第二大臼歯は、風習抜歯と見られる
12.上下の歯が毛抜き状に噛み合う鉗子状咬合
13.サヌカイト製の石鏃が腹部に刺さっていた模様
以上、縄文人的な特徴を多く見ることができる。
（特に、8～10の下顎骨に関する部分）
【第二号人骨】
1.骨の腐食、分解が進みほとんどの骨が消え行く直前の状態
2.うつ伏せの伸展姿勢と見られる埋葬姿勢
3.歯だけが唯一の観察材料
4.上下左右の犬歯が抜歯されていた可能性が高い
5.性別の判定は不可能
6.死亡年齢は、３０～６０歳（歯の咀嚼による磨り減りの程度から判定）
7.胸部の骨格のあたりから、サヌカイト製の石鏃が発見
以上、観察材料が少ないが、風習抜歯の様子から、縄文人的な特徴も見られる。
【第三号人骨】
1.仰向けの伸展位の姿勢で埋葬
2.骨に厚みがあり、頑丈な脳頭蓋
3.下顎角の前にあるべき”へこみ”（角前切痕）が無い
4.下顎骨は非常に頑丈な造り
5.下顎骨の第一大臼歯と第二小臼歯に過度の咬耗
6.下肢骨に縄文人的な多くの特徴
7.男性の可能性が高い
8.死亡年齢は、３０歳～６０歳
9.身長は、１６０センチ前後
10.胴部を中心に１７個もの石鏃が発見
以上、縄文人的な特徴を多く見ることができる。
（特に、3～6に関する部分）
これら三体の人骨の特徴や、状況から一体なにが分かるのでしょうか。
長くなってきたので、また次回に・・・。
まず、前回、「縄文人と考えられる顔立ちの成人男性二体」と書きましたが、厳密には三体です。
第一号人骨から、第三号人骨と呼び、それぞれの特徴を簡単にまとめます。
【第一号人骨】
1.全身を伸ばした伸展位の姿勢
2.理由がわからない、うつ伏せの格好
3.成人男性
4.死亡年齢は、３０～４０歳くらい
5.身長は、１５５～１６０センチ
6.骨太で腕、脚の筋肉がたくましく発達していた模様
7.頭蓋骨は大きく頑丈、相当な大頭
8.下顎骨も大柄で頑丈、左右に幅広い
9.下顎角はがっしりとして、ひどくエラが張った角ばった顔
10.オトガイと呼ばれる顎の先の膨らみが顕著
11.上下左右の犬歯と、右下の第二大臼歯は、風習抜歯と見られる
12.上下の歯が毛抜き状に噛み合う鉗子状咬合
13.サヌカイト製の石鏃が腹部に刺さっていた模様
以上、縄文人的な特徴を多く見ることができる。
（特に、8～10の下顎骨に関する部分）
【第二号人骨】
1.骨の腐食、分解が進みほとんどの骨が消え行く直前の状態
2.うつ伏せの伸展姿勢と見られる埋葬姿勢
3.歯だけが唯一の観察材料
4.上下左右の犬歯が抜歯されていた可能性が高い
5.性別の判定は不可能
6.死亡年齢は、３０～６０歳（歯の咀嚼による磨り減りの程度から判定）
7.胸部の骨格のあたりから、サヌカイト製の石鏃が発見
以上、観察材料が少ないが、風習抜歯の様子から、縄文人的な特徴も見られる。
【第三号人骨】
1.仰向けの伸展位の姿勢で埋葬
2.骨に厚みがあり、頑丈な脳頭蓋
3.下顎角の前にあるべき”へこみ”（角前切痕）が無い
4.下顎骨は非常に頑丈な造り
5.下顎骨の第一大臼歯と第二小臼歯に過度の咬耗
6.下肢骨に縄文人的な多くの特徴
7.男性の可能性が高い
8.死亡年齢は、３０歳～６０歳
9.身長は、１６０センチ前後
10.胴部を中心に１７個もの石鏃が発見
以上、縄文人的な特徴を多く見ることができる。
（特に、3～6に関する部分）
これら三体の人骨の特徴や、状況から一体なにが分かるのでしょうか。
長くなってきたので、また次回に・・・。
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